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Originally published In Press as doi:10.1074/mcp.M500223-MCP200 on December 6, 2005.
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Molecular & Cellular Proteomics 5:671-685, 2006.
© 2006 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.

Research

Proteomic Analysis of Bovine Brain G Protein {gamma} Subunit Processing Heterogeneity*,S

Lana A. Cook, Kevin L. Schey, Michael D. Wilcox, Jane Dingus, Rebecca Ettling, Troy Nelson, Daniel R. Knapp and John D. Hildebrandt{ddagger}

From the Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425

We characterized the variable processing of the G protein {gamma} subunit isoforms associated with bovine brain G proteins, a primary mediator of cellular communication. G{gamma} subunits were isolated from purified brain G proteins and characterized by Edman sequencing, by MALDI MS, by chemical and/or enzymatic fragmentation assayed by MALDI MS, and by MS/MS fragmentation and sequencing. Multiple forms of six different G{gamma} isoforms were detected. Significant variation in processing was found at both the amino termini and particularly the carboxyl termini of the proteins. All G{gamma} isoforms contain a carboxyl-terminal CAAX motif for prenylation, carboxyl-terminal proteolysis, and carboxymethylation. Characterization of these proteins indicates significant variability in the normal processing of all of these steps in the prenylation reaction, including a new variation of prenyl processing resulting from cysteinylation of the carboxyl terminus. These results have multiple implications for intracellular signaling mechanisms by G proteins, for the role of prenyl processing variation in cell signaling, and for the site of action and consequences of drugs that target the prenylation modification.

{ddagger} To whom correspondence should be addressed: Dept. of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology, Medical University of South Carolina, 171 Ashley Ave., Charleston, SC 29425. Tel.: 843-792-3209; Fax: 843-792-2475; E-mail: hildebjd{at}musc.edu


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