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Molecular & Cellular Proteomics 8:1236-1251, 2009.
© 2009 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.

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Research

Excretory/Secretory Proteome of the Adult Developmental Stage of Human Blood Fluke, Schistosoma japonicum^*,

Feng Liu^,,¶, Shu-Jian Cui^,¶, Wei Hu^¶,||, Zheng Feng^||, Zhi-Qin Wang and Ze-Guang Han^,,**

From the Shanghai-Ministry of Science and Technology Key Laboratory for Disease and Health Genomics, Chinese National Human Genome Center at Shanghai, 351 Guo Shou-Jing Road, Shanghai 201203, China,
Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Rui-Jin Road II, Shanghai 200025, China, and
||National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 207 Rui-Jin Road II, Shanghai 200025, China

Schistosomes are the causative agents of schistosomiasis, one of the most prevalent and serious of the parasitic diseases that currently infects 200 million people worldwide. Schistosome excretory/secretory (ES) proteins have been shown to play important roles in modulating mammalian host immune systems. In our current study, we performed a global proteomics identification of the ES proteins from adult worms of Schistosoma japonicum, one of the three major schistosome species. Our results unambiguously identified 101 proteins, including 53 putatively secreted proteins. By quantitative analysis, we revealed fatty acid-binding protein as a major constituent of the in vitro ES proteome. Strikingly the heat shock proteins HSP70s, HSP90, and HSP97 constituted the largest protein family in the ES proteome, implying a central role for these proteins in immunomodulation in the host-parasite relationship. Other important S. japonicum ES proteins included actins, 14-3-3, aminopeptidase, enolase, and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, some of which have been considered as viable vaccine candidates and therapeutic targets. A comparison with previous studies suggests that 48.5% of S. japonicum ES proteins are common to other parasite ES products, indicating that the molecular mechanisms involved in evading the host immune response may be conserved across different parasites. Interestingly seven host proteins, including antimicrobial protein CAP18, immunoglobulins, and a complement component, were identified among in vitro S. japonicum ES products likely originating from the schistosome tegument or gut, indicating that host innate and acquired immune systems could defend against schistosome invasion. Our present study represents the first attempt at profiling S. japonicum ES proteins, provides an insight into host-parasite interactions, and establishes a resource for the development of diagnostic agents and vaccines for the control of schistosomiasis.

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