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Submitted on November 27, 2003
Revised on January 12, 2004
Accepted on January 8, 2004

Immunoproteomics: Mass spectrometry based methods to study the targets of the immune response

Anthony W. Purcell and Jeff J. Gorman

Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010

Corresponding Author: apurcell{at}unimelb.edu.au

The mammalian immune system has evolved to display fragments of protein antigens derived from microbial pathogens to immune effector cells. These fragments are typically peptides liberated from the intact antigens through distinct proteolytic mechanisms that are subsequently transported to cell surface bound to chaperone like receptors known as Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) molecules. These complexes are then scrutinised by effector T cells that express clonally distributed T cell receptors with specificity for specific MHC-peptide complexes. In normal uninfected cells, this process of antigen processing and presentation occurs continuously, with the resultant array of self-antigen derived peptides displayed on the surface of these cells. Changes in this peptide landscape of cells act to alert immune effector cells to changes in the intracellular environment that may be associated with infection, malignant transformation or other abnormal cellular processes, resulting in a cascade of events that result in their elimination. Because peptides play such a crucial role in informing the immune system of infection with viral or microbial pathogens and the transformation of cells in malignancy, the tools of proteomics, in particular mass spectrometry, are ideally suited to study these immune responses at a molecular level. Here we review recent advances in studies of immune responses that have utilized mass spectrometry and associated technologies, with specific examples from collaboration between our laboratories.


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