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Submitted on July 20, 2004
Department of Molecualr and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536-0298
Corresponding Author: haining{at}uky.edu
Mutations in copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1) have been linked to a subset of familial amytrophic lateral sclerosis (fALS), a fatal neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive motor neuron death. An increasing amount of evidence supports that mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis activation play a critical role in the fALS etiology, but little is known about the mechanisms by which SOD1 mutants cause the mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis. In this study, we use proteomic approaches to identify the mitochondrial proteins that are altered in the presence of a fALS-causing mutant G93A-SOD1. A comprehensive characterization of mitochondrial proteins from NSC34 cells, a motor neuron-like cell line, was achieved by two independent proteomic approaches. Four hundred seventy unique proteins were identified in the mitochondrial fraction collectively, 75 of which are newly discovered proteins that previously had only been reported at the cDNA level. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis was subsequently used to analyze the differences between the mitochondrial proteomes of NSC34 cells expressing wild-type and G93A-SOD1. Nine and thirty six protein spots displayed elevated and suppressed abundance respectively in G93A-SOD1 expressing cells. The 45 spots were identified by mass spectrometry and they include proteins involved in mitochondrial membrane transport, apoptosis, the respiratory chain and molecular chaperones. In particular, alterations in the post-translational modifications of voltage dependent anion channel 2 (VDAC2) were found and its relevance to regulating mitochondrial membrane permeability and activation of apoptotic pathways is discussed. The potential role of other proteins in the mutant SOD1 mediated fALS is also discussed. This study has produced a short list of mitochondrial proteins that may hold the key to the mechanisms by which SOD1 mutants cause mitochondrial dysfunction and neuronal death. It has laid the foundation for further detailed functional studies to elucidate the role of particular mitochondrial proteins, such as VDAC2, in the pathogenesis of familial ALS.
Revised on October 21, 2004
Accepted on October 21, 2004
Mitochondrial proteomic analysis of a cell line model of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
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