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Submitted on March 28, 2005
Revised on June 16, 2005
Accepted on June 20, 2005

Proteomic analysis of protein expression and oxidative modification in R6/2 transgenic mice - A model of Huntington's disease

Marzia Perluigi, H. Fai Poon, William Maragos, William M. Pierce, Jon B. Klein, Vittoriio Calabrese, Chiara Cini, Carlo De Marco, and D. Allan Butterfield

Dept. of Chemistry, Center of Membrane Sciences, and Sanders-Brown Ctr on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506-0055

Corresponding Author: dabcns{at}uky.edu

Abstract Huntington's disease (HD) is a hereditary neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by motor, psychiatric, and cognitive symptoms. The genetic defect responsible for the onset of the disease, expansion of CAG repeats in exon 1 of the gene that codes for huntingtin on chromosome 4, has been unambiguously identified. On the other hand, the mechanisms by which the mutation causes the disease are not completely understood yet. However, defects in energy metabolism of affected cells may cause oxidative damage, which has been proposed as one of the underlying molecular mechanisms that participate in the etiology of the disease. In our effort to investigate the extent of oxidative damage occurring at the protein level, we used a parallel proteomic approach to identify proteins potentially involved in processes upstream or downstream of the disease-causing huntingtin in a well established HD mouse model (R6/2 transgenic mice). We have demonstrated that the expression levels of dihydrolipoamide succinyl S-transferase, and aspartate aminotransferase increase consistently over the course of disease (10-week old mice). In contrast, pyruvate dehydrogenase expression levels were found to be decreased in 10-week old HD transgenic mice compared to young mice (4-week old). Our experimental approach also led to the identification of oxidatively modified proteins. Six proteins were found to be significantly oxidized in old R6/2 transgenic mice compared with either young transgenic mice or non-transgenic mice. These proteins are: alpha -enolase, gamma -enolase (neuron specific enolase), aconitase, the voltage dependent anion channel (V-DAC1), heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) and creatine kinase (CK). Since oxidative damage has proved to play an important role in the pathogenesis and the progression of Huntington’s disease, our results for the first time identify specific oxidatively modified proteins that potentially contribute to the pathogenesis of Huntington`s disease.


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