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Submitted on April 22, 2005
Pathology Dept., University of Washington, School of Mdicine, Seattle, Wa 98104
Corresponding Author: zhangj{at}u.washington.edu, zhouy@u.washington.edu
Neuroinflammation mediated by microglial activation appears to play an essential role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD); however, the mechanisms by which microglia are activated are not fully understood. Thus, we first evaluated the effects of two-parkinsonian toxicants, manganese ethylene-bis-dithiocarbamate (Mn-EBDC) and 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridine (MPP+), on microglial activation as well as associated dopaminergic (DAergic) neurotoxicity in primary cell culture systems. The results demonstrated that, when rat primary mesencephalic neuron-enriched or neuron-microglia mixed cultures were treated with Mn-EBDC at 2-8 µM or MPP+ at 0.25-5 µM, respectively, for 7 days, both toxicants were capable of inducing DAergic neurodegeneration as well as activating microglia via a mechanism secondary to DAergic neurodegeneration. Furthermore, activated microglia subsequently enhanced DAergic neurotoxicity-induced by Mn-EBDC or MPP+. Detailed scrutiny of neuron-microglia interactions identified a fraction of the conditioned media derived from a DAergic cell line treated with Mn-EBDC or MPP+ that potently activated microglia. To further define potential mediators leading to microglial activation secondary to neurodegeneration, we utilized a quantitative proteomic technique termed SILAC (for Stable Isotope Labeling by Amino acids in Cell culture) to compare the protein profiles of MPP+-treated cellular fraction that mediated microglial activation as compared to controls. The search revealed numerous novel proteins that are potentially important in neurodegeneration-mediated microglial activation, a process believed to be critical in PD progression.
Revised on June 20, 2005
Accepted on June 22, 2005
Microglial activation induced by neurodegeneration - A proteomic analysis
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