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Submitted on August 17, 2006
Research Center in Infectious Diseases, RC709, CHUL Research Center, Quebec, Quebec G1V 4G2
Corresponding Author: marc.ouellette{at}crchul.ulaval.ca
The therapeutic mainstay against the protozoan parasite Leishmania is still based on the antiquated pentavalent antimonials (SbV) but resistance is increasing in several parts of the world. Resistance is now partly understood in laboratory isolates but our understanding of resistance in field isolates is lagging behind. We describe here a comparative analysis of a genetically related pair of SbV-sensitive and resistant L. donovani strains isolated from kala-azar patients. The resistant isolate exhibited cross resistance to other unrelated Leishmania drugs including miltefosine and amphotericin B. A comparative proteomic screen has highlighted a number of proteins differentially expressed suggesting that programmed cell death (PCD) is modified in the resistant parasite. Indeed, drug-induced PCD progression is altered in the SbV-resistant strain as determined using early and late markers of apoptosis. Two proteins, the heat shock protein HSP83 and the small kinetoplastid calpain-related protein (SKCRP14.1) were shown to be intimately implicated in the drug-induced PCD phenotype. HSP83 increases drug resistance and reduces drug-mediated PCD activation by interfering with the mitochondrial membrane potential while SKCRP14.1 promotes antimonial-induced PCD but protects against miltefosine-induced PCD. This study highlights the important role of PCD in drug susceptibility/resistance in the protozoan parasite Leishmania.
Revised on October 16, 2006
Accepted on October 17, 2006
A Proteomic screen implicates HSP83 and a small kinetoplastid calpain-related protein in drug resistance in Leishmania donovani clinical field isolates by modulating drug-induced programmed cell death
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