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Submitted on November 14, 2006
School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld 4072
Corresponding Author: s.osborne{at}uq.edu.au
Phosphatidylinositol (4,5) bisphosphate (PtdIns(4,5)P2) synthesis is required for calcium-dependent exocytosis in neurosecretory cells. We have developed a PtdIns(4,5)P2 bead pulldown strategy combined with sub-cellular fractionation to identify endogenous chromaffin granule proteins that interact with PtdIns(4,5)P2. We have identified two synaptotagmin isoforms, synaptotagmins 1 and 7, spectrin, alpha-adaptin and synaptotagmin-like protein 4 (granuphilin) by mass spectrometry and Western blotting. This pulldown strategy has also been used in combination with other methods to characterize the mechanisms of interaction of synaptotagmin 7 with PtdIns(4,5)P2. The 45 kDa isoform of synaptotagmin 7 was found to be highly expressed in adrenal chromaffin cells compared to PC12 cells and to mainly localise to secretory granules by sub-cellular fractionation, immunoisolation and immunocytochemistry. We have demonstrated that synaptotagmin 7 binds PtdIns(4,5)P2 via the C2B domain in the absence of calcium and via both the C2A and C2B domains in the presence of calcium. We have mutated the poly-lysine stretch in synaptotagmin 7 C2B and have demonstrated that this mutant domain lacks the calcium-independent PtdIns(4,5)P2 binding. Synaptotagmin 7 C2B domain inhibits catecholamine release from digitonin-permeabilised chromaffin cells and this inhibition is abrogated with the C2B poly-lysine mutant. These data indicate that synaptotagmin 7 C2Beffector interactions which occur via the poly-lysine stretch, including calcium-independent PtdIns(4,5)P2 binding, are important for chromaffin granule exocytosis.
Revised on March 15, 2007
Accepted on April 20, 2007
Identification of secretory granule phosphatidylinositol (4,5) bisphosphate interacting proteins using an affinity pulldown strategy
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