Reviews & Perspectives
Data Management of Sensitive Human Proteomics Data: Current Practices, Recommendations, and Perspectives for the Future
In Brief Availability of proteomics data in the public domain has become the norm, as it has been the case in genomics and transcriptomics for many years. Analogously to sequencing data, there are increasing ethical issues and legal requirements related to sensitive human clinical proteomics data. We review the current state of the art and make concrete recommendations to address these issues in the proteomics field, which are summarized in four different areas.Neuroproteomics of the Synapse: Subcellular Quantification of Protein Networks and Signaling Dynamics
In Brief Advancements in MS-based proteomics have increased the study of synaptic proteins using neuroproteomics. The development of proximity, genetic labeling and bio-orthogonal amino acid labeling approaches now allow for the study of synaptic protein–protein interactions and protein signaling dynamics. In this review, we highlight studies from the last 5 years, with a focus on synapse structure, composition, functioning, or signaling and finally discuss some recent developments that could further advance the field of neuroproteomics.Proteomics-Based Insights Into the SARS-CoV-2–Mediated COVID-19 Pandemic: A Review of the First Year of Research
In Brief SARS-CoV-2, the betacoronavirus that caused the COVID-19 pandemic, became a major source of human disease and death in 2020. The fundamental constituents of a virus being its genome and proteome, characterizing the proteome is essential to understanding its biology. In this review article, we survey the proteomics literature from the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, including protein–protein interaction studies, post-translational modification studies, and work using proteomics technologies to probe host response, which collectively inform efforts to ameliorate the pandemic.An Introduction to Advanced Targeted Acquisition Methods
In Brief The analytical power of targeted proteomics depends on how efficiently the mass spectrometer detects target peptides. A number of “smart” acquisition approaches have been developed that enable more targets per run and improve analytical performance such as sensitivity, specificity, and quantitative accuracy. This review provides an introduction to these methods and highlights their inherent strengths and weaknesses.Recent Advances in Analytical Approaches for Glycan and Glycopeptide Quantitation
In Brief Recent years have seen an explosion in novel strategies for quantitative glycomics and glycoproteomics. Whether through metabolic incorporation of stable isotopes, deposition of custom isotopic labels, or high-throughput isobaric chemical tags, these numerous novel strategies provide ease of access to glycomic and glycoproteomic investigation. This review highlights the recent innovations in labeling methods, label-free strategies, acquisition modes, and bioinformatic tools for glycan and glycopeptide quantitation, while providing critical evaluations and technical considerations to enable effective analysis.Calculating Glycoprotein Similarities From Mass Spectrometric Data
In Brief To understand the roles of glycoproteins in biological processes, it is necessary to quantify the changes that occur to glycosylation at individual sites and to the whole molecule. That glycoprotein glycosylation is inherently heterogeneous means that the distribution of glycoforms at each glycosite must be quantified in order to inform calculation of molecular similarities. We review analytical and statistical methods for determining glycoprotein molecular similarities from glycoproteomics data.
